Class 7 - Nouns
Noun: A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns are the building blocks of sentences and are essential for constructing meaningful statements.
Types of Nouns with Examples
Proper Nouns
➥ Name specific people, places, or organizations. Proper nouns always begin with a capital letter.
- People: Albert Einstein, Mahatma Gandhi
- Places: New York, India
- Organizations: United Nations, Google
Common Nouns
➥ Name general items, people, or places, rather than specific ones. Common nouns do not begin with a capital letter unless they start a sentence.
- People: teacher, doctor
- Places: city, park
- Things: book, car
Concrete Nouns
➥ Name things that can be seen, touched, heard, smelled, or tasted.
- Things you can touch: table, apple, dog
- Things you can see: rainbow, tree, mountain
Abstract Nouns
➥ Name ideas, qualities, or states that cannot be seen or touched.
- Feelings: love, anger
- Qualities: honesty, bravery
- States: childhood, freedom
Collective Nouns
➥ Name groups of people, animals, or things considered as a single unit.
- Group of people: team, family
- Group of animals: flock, herd
- Group of things: bunch, collection
Countable Nouns
➥ Name things that can be counted. Countable nouns have both singular and plural forms.
- Singular: apple, cat, chair
- Plural: apples, cats, chairs
Uncountable Nouns
➥ Name things that cannot be counted individually. Uncountable nouns do not have a plural form.
- Substances: water, sugar, air
- Concepts: information, advice, knowledge
Noun Number
Noun Number refers to whether a noun is singular or plural. It indicates whether we are talking about one person, place, thing, or idea, or more than one.
Types of Noun Numbers
Singular Noun
➥ Refers to one person, place, thing, or idea.
- Book (one book)
- Cat (one cat)
- Child (one child)
- City (one city)
- Idea (one idea)
Plural Noun
➥ Refers to more than one person, place, thing, or idea. Plural nouns typically end in "s" or "es," but there are also irregular plural forms.
- Books (more than one book)
- Cats (more than one cat)
- Children (more than one child - irregular plural)
- Cities (more than one city - ends with "ies")
- Ideas (more than one idea)
Rules for Forming Plurals
Adding "s"
➥ For most nouns, simply add "s" to make them plural.
- Car → Cars
- Dog → Dogs
- Pen → Pens
Adding "es"
➥ For nouns ending in -s, -sh, -ch, -x, or -z, add "es" to make them plural.
- Bus → Buses
- Brush → Brushes
- Box → Boxes
Changing "y" to "ies"
➥ For nouns ending in a consonant followed by "y," change "y" to "ies."
- City → Cities
- Baby → Babies
- Story → Stories
Irregular Plurals
➥ Some nouns do not follow regular rules for forming plurals and have irregular plural forms.
- Man → Men
- Woman → Women
- Child → Children
- Foot → Feet
- Mouse → Mice
No Change in Form
➥ Some nouns have the same form in both singular and plural.
- Sheep → Sheep
- Deer → Deer
- Series → Series
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