Chapter: Coding with Python Turtle

🐢 Python Turtle
Complete Notes

CBSE • Python • Class 7

📚 CBSE Class 7 📖 CBSE Board 💻Pratap Sanjay Sir

By Pratap Sanjay Sir
pratapsanjaysir.blogspot.com

🚀 Start Learning

📖 All Topics

🔧 Basics

📐 Shapes

⚡ Advanced

1

Starting Python

Python is a high-level programming language. It is easy to learn and understand.Python is used for drawing, games, animations, and problem-solving. The Turtle module helps us draw pictures using code.

2

Create New File

1. 📂 Open IDLE/VS Code/Python Editor.
2. 📄 Click on File → New File
3. 💾 Save the file with .py extension
   Example: turtle1.py
4. ▶️ Write your Python code and run it.

3

Turtle Programming

🐢 Turtle Turtle is like a pen that moves on the screen. We give commands and the turtle draws shapes. The screen is called the canvas.

4

Import Turtle

import turtle as t

This line imports the turtle module.

t is a short name (alias) for turtle.

5

Moving Turtle

Forward ➡️

t.forward(100)

Backward ⬅️

t.backward(100)

Left Turn ↺

t.left(90)

Right Turn ↻

t.right(90)

→ Distance is given in pixels. Angle is given in degrees.

6

Draw Square

import turtle as t for i in range(4): # Loop 4 times t.forward(100) t.right(90) t.done()

Square = 4 equal sides, 90° angles! 🔲

7

Filling in an Image (Adding Color)

Background Color

t.bgcolor("color")

Example: red, blue, green, black ...etc.

Fill Color

t.fillcolor("color")

Pen Color

t.pencolor("color")

Pen Size

t.pensize(n)

n → can be any numeric number.

Fill a Shape

t.fillcolor("red")
t.begin_fill()

# drawing code here

t.end_fill()
        

Example:

t.fillcolor("blue")
t.begin_fill()

for i in range(4):
    t.forward(100)
    t.right(90)

t.end_fill()
        

Explanation:
fillcolor() ⟶ sets the color to be filled inside the shape.
begin_fill() ⟶ starts the filling process.
end_fill() ⟶ completes the filling of the shape.

8

Changing the Speed of Drawing

Speed of the Turtle

t.speed(value)

Explanation:
value → speed of the turtle (0 to 10).
0 → No animation.
1 → Slowest.
3 → Slow.
6 → Normal.
10 → Fast.
10+ → fastest speed.

9

Drawing a Circle

Circle Command

t.circle(50)

Explanation:
50 → radius of the circle.
Turtle automatically draws a circle.

10

Drawing a Customized Circle

Customized Circle

t.circle(100, 180)

Explanation:
100 → radius of the circle.
180 → angle of the circle.
Draws a half circle. Useful for arcs and designs.

11

Change the Pen Direction

Set Heading

t.setheading(0)    # East
t.setheading(90)   # North
t.setheading(180)  # West
t.setheading(270)  # South
            

Explanation:
Sets turtle direction directly.
Angle is measured in degrees.

12

Clearing the Screen

Clear Command

t.clear()

Explanation:
Clears only the drawing.
Turtle remains at the same position.

13

Resetting the Environment

Reset Command

t.reset()

Explanation:
Clears the screen.
Moves turtle to starting position.
Restores default settings.

14

Leaving a Stamp

Stamp Command

t.stamp()

Explanation:
Leaves a turtle shape on the screen.
Turtle can move, but the stamp remains.

Example:

t.forward(50)
t.stamp()
t.forward(50)
t.stamp()
            

15

Cloning of a Turtle

Clone Command

t1 = t.clone()

Explanation:
Creates a copy of the turtle.
Both turtles can draw independently.

Example:

t1 = t.clone()
t1.left(90)
t1.forward(100)
            

16

Ending the Program

Done Command

t.done()

Explanation:
Keeps the turtle window open.
Used at the end of the program.

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